Applying the tragic hero of Hamlet through the theoretical framework of Aristotle and Freytag

Abstract

William Shakespeare’s "Hamlet," written around 1600, is one of the most famous tragedies in the English language. The play is rich in themes such as revenge, madness, mortality, and the complexity of the human condition.                                     

This paper analyzes the dramatic structure using Freytag’s pyramid and Aristotle tragedy theory  as a framework. They examine the play’s exposition, inciting incident, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution, and conflict  combining with Aristotle theory to understand how Shakespeare constructs a powerful tragedy. The  method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative, which aims to analyzing and collecting data from the play  and some referential books, library ,websites and other data sources that were useful for the analysis.The study also explores the significance of Hamlet in literary studies. The results of the study have pedagogical implications for teaching English  literature for students and language learners.